为研究缢蛏（Sinonovacula contricta）最适的低盐驯化方式,首先设置盐度0、1、2、3、5等5个梯度测定低盐半致死盐度,获得缢蛏96 h低盐半致死盐度为2.005。以此盐度为驯化目标盐度,设置A、B、C 3种不同驯化方式（A组：等速驯化；B组：交替驯化；C组：梯度驯化）对缢蛏进行盐度16到2的低盐驯化处理,驯化到目标盐度后再进行4 d的适应期；记录3种驯化方式下的存活率、潜泥率,检测各组的耗氧率、排氨率,测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果表明,驯化到盐度2时C组缢蛏存活率（88%）及潜泥率（90%）显著大于A、B组；C组的耗氧率和排氨率均显著高于A、B组；超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性在驯化到盐度4时达到峰值,且C组显著高于A、B组；丙二醛（MDA）含量在驯化到盐度2时达到峰值,且C组显著低于A、B组。综上所述,梯度驯化（C）组的低盐驯化方式更有益于缢蛏的低盐养殖。本研究结果为我国内陆低盐水域海水贝类养殖品种的开发提供了重要参考。

In order to study the optimal low salt acclimation method of Sinonovacula contricta, the low salt semi-lethal salinity was set by 5 gradients of salinity 0, 1, 2, 3 and 5, and the low salt semi-lethal salinity was 2.005 at 96 h. With this salinity as the target salinity, three different domestication methods A, B and C were set (Group A： equal-velocity domestication； Group B： alternate domestication； Group C： gradient acclimation). The S. constricta were acclimated with low salinity from 16 to 2, and then acclimated to the target salinity for 4 days. The survival rate and submerged sludge rate of three acclimation methods were recorded. Oxygen consumption rate and ammonia emission rate of each group were detected. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were determined. The results showed that the survival rate (88%) and submerged mud rate (90%) of S. constricta in group C were significantly higher than those in groups A and B when acclimated to salinity 2. The oxygen consumption rate and ammonia emission rate of group C were significantly higher than those of groups A and B. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity reached its peak at salinity 4, and group C was significantly higher than groups A and B. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content reached its peak when acclimated to salinity 2, and was significantly lower in group C than in groups A and B. In conclusion, the low salt acclimation method of gradient acclimation (C) group is more beneficial to low salt culture of S. constricta. The results of this study provide an important reference for the development of Marine shellfish aquaculture species in China's inland low-salt waters.

S968.31

国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2401002);国家自然科学基金(32373118)