Energy metabolism homeostasis regulation is crucial for the growth， development， and reproduction of organisms in response to environmental stress. To investigate whether AMPK is involved in the energy homeostasis regulation of the razor clam under long-term low-salinity stress， this study identified the AMPK subunit genes of the razor clam and explored their expression patterns under prolonged low-salinity stress. Results showed that the amino acid sequences of the AMPKα， β， and γ subunits in the razor clam exhibited high similarity to intertidal mollusks， with the highest homology observed with Mercenaria mercenaria， at 84%， 74%， and 77%， respectively. Under low salt 2 salinity stress， AMPKα and β subunits were found to participate in the regulation of energy metabolism in the gills， hepatopancreas， and water pipe of the razor clam， with significantly increased expression levels （P<0.05）. During the 35 day low salt aquaculture process， the expression of AMPKα and β genes in gill tissue showed a significant increase （P<0.01）. In hepatopancreas tissue， the expression of AMPKα， β， and γ genes during the low-salinity acclimation and early cultivation stages （0-14 days） was significantly higher than that of the normal salinity group （P<0.01）. In the late stage of low-salinity cultivation （21-35 days）， the AMP/ATP ratio in gill and hepatopancreas tissues gradually approached the level of the normal salinity group， indicating a stabilization of energy metabolism. Overall， these findings demonstrate the significant role of AMPK subunit genes in the razor clam adaptation to long-term low-salinity cultivation through energy metabolism regulation.