Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China， which plays an important role in supporting the biodiversity of the Yangtze River. However， fish species diversity in this area has changed significantly in recent years， coupled with taxonomic revisions driven by advancements in molecular biology and taxonomy research. This study aimed to update the fish species list， providing insights for further biodiversity analysis and protection in Poyang Lake. Field surveys of the fishes in Poyang Lake were conducted from 2006 to 2022， and numerous sampling methods like gill nets， cast nets， and cages were employed to collect fish specimens. We incorporated records from survey results， historical records， and online resources fishbase to refresh the fish checklist in Poyang Lake. The type of migration， water column， feeding habits and protection status of fish species were categorized as well. This updated checklist of the freshwater fishes in the Poyang Lake included a total of 128 species belonging to 14 orders， 35 families， and 78 genera. Among them， 124 species are indigenous and four are aliens. Cypriniformes dominate the fish fauna in this area. Xenocyprididae had the highest number of species， followed by the Gobionidae and Bagridae. There are four newly recorded species and all of them are aliens. Twenty-one of the valid species had nomenclatural changes； 98 historically recorded species were excluded. Thirteen documented fish species that are almost belonging to migrators， benthic water column dwellers， as well as omnivores and piscivores， were not collected during these field surveys. In conclusion， this study confirmed and updated the species checklist of fishes from Poyang Lake， providing crucial insights into the biodiversity protection of this area in the future， especially under the increasing impacts of global climate change and human activities while a complete ban on fishing enforced in the Yangtze River.