In order to investigate the pollution situation of microplastic （MPS） in juvenile fish of the Yangtze River Estuary， a total of 508 juvenile fishes of 10 species from the Yangtze River Estuary were collected， and microplastics were ablated and extracted from their gastrointestinal contents， gastrointestinal walls and gill tissues， and then observed and counted， combined with the differences in feeding habits （filter-feeding， carnivorous and omnivorous） of the juvenile fishes and the time nodes before and after the fishing ban， analyzed by the one-way PERMANVOA test analysis of variance. The results showed that microplastics were detected in 99% of the juvenile fish， with an average abundance of （10.13±7.23） items/individual. The distribution of microplastics among tissues was as follows： gastrointestinal contents [（4.10±4.09） items/individual] > gill tissues [（3.12±2.40） items/individual] > gastrointestinal walls [（2.89±2.61） items/individual]. Fiber （65.7%）， transparent （56.4%） and <0.5 mm （58.3%） microplastics accounted for the highest proportion. The microplastic abundance of filter-feeding juvenile fish was significantly higher than that of other feeding individuals （P<0.05）. After the fishing ban in the Yangtze River， the total abundance of microplastics in Coilia nasus juvenile fish was significantly reduced to （5.20±2.53） items/individual （P<0.01）， the proportion of <0.5 mm transparent fiber microplastics decreased， while the <1 mm size still accounted for most of the microplastics （76%）. The study showed that microplastics pollution was common in juvenile fish in the Yangtze River estuary， and filter-feeding fish were more likely to be enriched with micro plastics. The Yangtze River fishing ban policy significantly reduced the microplastic pollution of Coilia nasus juvenile fish， which revealed that the decreasing trend of microplastic pollution in the water environment of the Yangtze River Estuary and in the juvenile fish. This study can provide data support for the research of microplastics pollution in the Yangtze River Estuary basin.