To reveal the dynamic relationship between the marine physical environment influenced by the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM） and the recruitment of Chub Mackerel （Scomber japonicus）.This study employed an early life history eco-dynamic model of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea to simulate variations in recruitment during eggs and larvae transport， systematically analyzing the regulatory mechanisms of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM） on mackerel recruitment. The results show that simulated chub mackerel recruitment exhibited distinct interannual fluctuations. The YSCWM， as the dominant summer water mass， significantly influenced recruitment patterns： Recruitment was higher when latitude of 9 ℃ isotherm was northward （>35.8°N） in winter. Recruitment decreased when latitude of 9 ℃ isotherm shifted southward （<35.8°N）. A negative correlation （R²=0.612） was observed between YSCWM intensity in June and recruitment， primarily due to YSCWM-induced seawater temperature reduction. Years with weaker YSCWM intensity showed greater numbers of successfully transported larvae to the Yellow Sea trough， corresponding to higher recruitment. The negative correlation （R²=0.642） between YSCWM intensity and recruitment in China-Korea Fisheries Agreement Waters （CKFAW） indicates significant YSCWM influence on larval contribution from the Qingdao offshore spawning ground. This study clarifies the regulatory mechanisms of the YSCWM on Chub Mackerel recruitment and highlights its critical role in recruitment in CKFAW. The findings provide scientific support for forecasting and managing Chub Mackerel resources in the Yellow Sea.